El-Ashry was senior fellow with the UN Foundation. He has previously held a number of positions: CEO and chairman of the Global Environment Facility (GEF); chief environmental adviser to the president and director of the Environment Department at the World Bank; senior vice president of the World Resources Institute (WRI); and director of Environmental Quality with the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA). He has held teaching and research positions at Cairo University, Wilkes University, and Illinois State Geological Survey. He has received numerous international awards and honours including UNEP's Champions of the Earth and The Haub Prize for Environmental Diplomacy. He is a fellow of the Geological Society of America and the American Association for the Advancement of Science and a member of the African Academy of Sciences.

Gingrich is full professor at the Department for Social and Cultural Anthropology at the University of Vienna. Real member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) and Director of the Institute for Social Anthropology of the ÖAW. Foreign Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Member of the Publishing House Committee of the ÖAW. He obtained his PhD in 1979 at the University of Vienna. He has served as a Delegate in the Assembly of the Austrian Science Fund. He was a founding member of the European Association of Social Anthropologists (EASA) and he was a Panel Chair for the European Research Council, Advanced Grant SH2. His awards include the Wittgenstein Prize, City of Vienna Award in the Humanities, Social Sciences, Cultural and Legal Studies.